Title: High Flow Nasal Cannula
题目:高流量鼻套管
Author作者: Feras Khan
于露 译 陈都 肖锋 校

What is it?
它是什么?
1. High flow nasal cannula has been used in pediatrics for some time now
高流量鼻套管用于儿科有一段时间了
2. It can be used in adults as well
它也可以用于成人
3. It is a simple nasal cannula setup with larger cannula sizes in both nares
这是一个简单的鼻套管，在两个鼻孔的导管尺寸较大
4. It is heated, humidified oxygen
氧气经过加热和湿化
5. You can control your oxygen level and flow of oxygen
你可以控制氧气水平和流量。
Benefits ：
好处：
•Small amount of PEEP provided to the patient (estimated 5-7 cm H20)
•给病人提供较低的呼气终末正压(估计5-7 cm H20)
•Improves oxygenation (more reliable oxygenation than a non-rebreather face mask)
•改善氧合(比单向呼吸面罩更可靠的氧合作用)
•Can provide some alveolar recruitment
•可以使一些肺泡复张
•Increases FRC (functional residual capacity)
•增加功能余气量
•Pharyngeal dead space washout
•减少咽部死腔
Who to use it on
适用患者
•Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure
•急性低氧呼吸衰竭患者
•Pre-intubation (can place before and during intubation in patients who have low oxygen saturation)
•气管插管之前(可以在低氧饱和患者插管之前和插管之中)
•Post-extubation
•气管拔管之后
•Palliative care (DNI patients)
•姑息治疗 (DNI病人)
How to set it
如何设置
•Flow rates: 0-60 L/min
•流量:0-60L / min
•Spontaneously breathing patient with mild-moderate hypoxemia/respiratory distress:
•有轻微低氧血症/呼吸窘迫患者：
-15-30 L per minute
15 - 30 L每分钟
-100% oxygen (wean as tolerated)
-100%的氧气(调整到可接受程度)
-temp 35-40 C
-温度35 - 40 C
-when weaning decrease oxygen prior to flow
当撤氧时，在减少氧气流量前先降低氧浓度
Bottom line: No evidence that it reduces intubation rates in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure but may improve oxygenation issues while deciding on treatment options
要点：没有证据表明它能减少低氧呼吸衰竭患者的插管率,但可以在决定治疗方案时改善氧合。
References
参考文献
Ribeiro C1, Oliveira A2, NevesS3, Campainha S4, Nogueira C5, Torres S6, Brito MC6, Almeida J2, E Sá JM2. Diagnosis of sarcoidosis in the Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration era[J]. Portugese Journal of Pulmonology,March 2013