原作者： Brian Corwell，肖锋译 文章来源： 中华急诊医学杂志编辑部 发布日期：2013-03-04
脑震荡与体育运动：2013年美国运动医学学会的建议
情报理论与实践Title: Concussion in sport
题目：脑震荡与体育运动：2013年美国运动医学学会的建议
Author 作者: Brian Corwell
"When can my child get back out on the field doc?"
“医生，我的孩子什么时候能回到运动场？”
Return to play 回到运动
▸ Concussion symptoms should be resolved before returning to exercise.
脑震荡症状完全消失后才能恢复运动。
▸ A RTP progression involves a gradual, step-wise increase in physical demands, sports-specific activities and the risk for contact.
回到运动的进展过程要包括循序渐进的增加生理需求，体育专项活动，及直接碰撞的危险度。
▸ If symptoms occur with activity, the progression should be halted and restarted at the preceding symptom-free step.
如症状随着活动的增加出现，要停下来，从前面没有症状的那一步重新开始。
▸ RTP after concussion should occur only with medical clearance from a licenced healthcare provider trained in the evaluation and management of concussions.
在脑震荡发生后回到运动，一定要有经过脑震荡诊断和处理培训过的执照医疗服务人员的评估。
Short-term risks of premature RTP 回到运动过早的短期危险
▸ The primary concern with early RTP is decreased reaction time leading to an increased risk of a repeat concussion or other injury and prolongation of symptoms.
回到运动过早的主要顾虑是由于反应时间的减慢，可增加再出现脑震荡或其它外伤，延长症状时间。
Long-term effects 回到运动过早的长期危险
▸ There is an increasing concern that head impact exposure and recurrent concussions contribute to long-term neurological sequelae.
脑部的撞击和再次脑震荡会造成长期的神经后遗症是一个越来越大的顾虑。
▸ Some studies have suggested an association between prior concussions and chronic cognitive dysfunction. Large-scale epidemiological studies are needed to more clearly define risk factors and causation of any long-term neurological impairment.
一些研究证实脑震荡和慢性认知紊乱有一定的联系。还需要大规模的流行病学的研究，以明确造成长期神经损伤的危险因素和原因。
References 参考文献
American Medical Society for Sports Medicine
position statement: concussion in sport, 2013
