髓内通路放置后的利多卡因应用（Lidocaine after IO Line Placement）
原作者： Bryan Hayes, 肖锋译 文章来源： 中华急诊医学杂志编辑部 发布日期：2013-02-11

Title: Lidocaine after IO Line Placement
题目：髓内通路放置后的利多卡因应用
Author作者: Bryan Hayes

Intraosseus (IO) access has become quite popular in critically ill patients requiring immediate resuscitation. In a patient responsive to pain, however, pain and discomfort is associated with the force of high-volume infusion through the established line.
在需要紧急复苏的危重病人抢救中，骨髓内通道的应用已非常普遍。但是，对于一个对疼痛有感觉的病人，疼痛和不适可能会需要增加快速液体复苏的压力。
• Before flushing the line, consider administering preservative-free 2% lidocaine (without epinephrine) for patients responsive to pain prior to flush.
• 在冲洗髓内通道前，对有疼痛感的病人，可考虑注射没有防腐剂的2％利多卡因（无肾上腺素）。
• The suggested dose is 20-40 mg (1-2 mL) of the 2% lidocaine, followed by the 10 mL saline flush.
• 建议剂量是20－40mg（1－2ml）的2％的利多卡因，然后再用10ml生理盐水冲一下。
If preservative-free 2% lidocaine is not stocked in your ED, now is the time to consider adding it.
如果你们科里没有储存没有防腐剂的2％利多卡因，现在应该把它加上了。

References参考文献
Fowler RL, Pierce, Nazeer S, et al. Powered intraosseous insertion provides safe and effective vascular access for emergency patients. Ann Emerg Med 2008;52(4):S152.

Ong MEH, Chan YH, Oh JJ, et al. An observational, prospective study comparing tibial and humeral intraosseus access using EZ-IO. Am J Emerg Med 2009;27(1):8-15. [PMID 19041528]